Why Water Pumps Fail: 5 Top Causes of Water Pump Failure
Water pumps are reliable devices that make our lives comfortable–whether in homes, industrial, or agricultural applications.
They quietly work behind the scenes to keep water operations running smoothly for years, with little to no attention–until something goes wrong.
Unexpected water pump failure can ruin your plants, leave you without a proper water supply, or flood your home. It then leads to costly repairs and disruption in your daily routine.
Catching any issues early on can help you avoid expensive fixes and operational delays down the line. That’s why staying proactive and being watchful of common symptoms can help extend your pump’s life and performance.
In this article, we’ll share five common causes of water pump failure, symptoms to watch for, and simple solutions to help keep your pump in top condition.
Common Symptoms of Water Pump Failure
Recognising early signs that indicate your pump needs significant attention can make all the difference. Below are common signs of water pump failure to watch out for:
- Unusual noise: A noisy pump may indicate internal issues such as loose components, misaligned parts, and worn-out bearings. If you start hearing rattling, screeching, or grinding sounds, get a trusted professional to inspect the pump before the problem worsens.
- Unexpected increase in energy bills: An upsurge in your electricity bills could mean your pump is overworking to keep up its performance. There could be leaks or clogged filters, among others. Routine maintenance checks are essential to ensure your pump runs efficiently and economically.
- Water pressure changes: Low pressure or no water output from your pump could signal several water pump failure concerns. It can be debris blockages in the screen or filter, obstruction in the impeller, or piping leaks.
- Water pump leakage: Leaks are often caused by loose connections, damaged parts, or worn seals. Indicators of a leak include unusual noises, visible water stains, and a decrease in water flow.
Top 5 Causes of Water Pump Failure
1. Lack of Proper Maintenance
As the water pump quietly does its job to provide a steady supply of water, it endures dirt, debris, and wear-and-tear build-up over time. When this happens, reduced efficiency, clogged filters, and overheating can occur, eventually leading to water pump failure.
Implementing regular inspection, lubrication, and cleaning are preventive measures for avoiding major issues and maintaining the pump’s performance. Doing so saves you time, money, and resources.
2. Cavitation (Air Bubbles in the Pump System)
Cavitation happens when the pressure drops below vapour pressure, forming bubbles within the fluid. When the bubbles reach a higher pressure area, they can implode and cause damage to other pump components through shockwaves.
Its symptoms include noise, vibration, decreased flow or pressure.
Ensuring proper installation, optimal fluid levels and temperature, and adjusting system pressure to avoid fluid pressure drop are all strategic actions to mitigate a water pump problem like cavitation.
3. Mechanical Seal Failure
Mechanical seal failure happens when there is wear and tear and improper installation that leads to seal damage. Cavitation, excess heat, and a chemical attack can also weaken the seal over time.
Common symptoms include water leakage, reduced performance, and eventual pump failure. The solution to this problem is using high-quality seals and performing regular checks.
4. Corrosion and Rust Buildup
Corrosion can develop if the cooling system’s fluid isn’t properly cared for or if it is replaced with a solution containing tap water (because distilled water must be used). Exposure to harsh water conditions or chemicals deteriorates metal parts, leading to corrosion and rust buildup.
Symptoms to look out for include water discolouration, blockages, and visible rust. The solution for this water pump failure problem includes using water treatment solutions and corrosion-resistant materials.
5. Electrical Issues and Power Surges
Short circuits and surges can damage electrical components and motors, which can result in water pump failure. They are often caused by voltage fluctuations, faulty wiring, or motor overheating. A telltale sign of this are pumps, shutting down unexpectedly, a burning smell, or inconsistent operation.
To prevent or minimise damages caused by electrical concerns, ensure proper voltage regulations and inspect wiring regularly.
How to Fix Water Pump Failure and Prevent Future Issues
Below is a quick troubleshooting guide to help you identify and fix common water pump issues, as well as tips to prevent future failures:
The pump doesn’t start |
|
|---|---|
| Possible Causes | What to Do |
| Issues with the power supply | Check the power supply (plug, socket, cable) |
| The air pressure is too high in the water tank | Reset air pressure in the pressure tank |
| The pump motor was burnt, and worn-out motor bearings | Replace the pump or bearings |
Overheating motor |
|
|---|---|
| Possible Causes | What to Do |
| Insufficient voltage | Check any voltage issues and address them as necessary |
| Blockage | Clear blockages |
| Poor Ventilation | Ensure the pump is located in an area with proper cooling or ventilation |
The pump is operating, but no water is being discharged |
|
|---|---|
| Possible Causes | What to Do |
| Low voltage supply | Check for the input circuit and verify if the manufacturer’s voltage requirements are met |
| Presence of air in the pump | Ensure the pump is primed before operation |
| Blocked pump components | Clean and clear the pump to avoid blockage and promote good water flow |
The water pump vibrates or is too noisy |
|
|---|---|
| Possible Causes | What to Do |
| External objects have penetrated the pump | Remove any object that hinders smooth operation |
| Loose power connection | Check connection points |
| Poor pump installation | Ensure the pump is properly anchored and installed |
A High-Quality Pump Will Last For Many Years to Come
The top causes of water pump failure include lack of proper maintenance care, cavitation, mechanical seal failure, corrosion and rust buildup, and electrical issues and power surges.
You can minimise the effects of such failures if you practice preventive maintenance and cautious use, and invest in a high-quality pump right from the beginning.
Consult a trusted water pump supplier in Singapore like Lian Beng Machinery Co. for a premium quality water pump, replacements, and expert advice.
Lian Beng Machinery Co. is a trusted water pump distributor with over 30 years of experience. Some of the brands we cover include YAMADA, MONSTERAIR, and ELD, among others.
Contact us and experience the quality and efficiency of our top-tier water pumps.